Cast iron is a class of iron–carbon alloys with a carbon content of more than 2% and silicon content around 1–3%. Its usefulness derives from its relatively low melting temperature. The alloying elements determine the form in which its carbon appears: white cast iron has its carbon combined into the iron carbide compound cementite, which is very hard, but brittle, as it allows cracks to pass. ProductionCast iron is made from , which is the product of melting in a . Cast iron can be made directly from the molten pig iron or by re-melting pig iron, often along with substantial quantities of iron, steel, l. .
Cast iron's properties are changed by adding various alloying elements, or . Next to , is the most important alloyant because it forces carbon out of solution. A low percentage of silicon allows carb. [pdf]
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